What is the input of the medial longitudinal fasciculus?
The medial longitudinal
The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a paired, highly specialized, and heavily myelinated nerve bundle responsible for extraocular muscle movements, including the oculomotor reflex, saccadic eye movements an smooth pursuit, and the vestibular ocular reflex.
The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a specialized and heavily myelinated nerve bundle adjacent to the cranial nerve III and IV nuclei in the midbrain. It extends in a craniocaudad dimension to the level of the cranial nerve VI nuclei in the inferior and dorsal pons.
First, the MLF starts from the interstitial nucleus of Cajal and the rostral interstitial nucleus of the MLF and runs ventrolateral to the cerebral aqueduct in front of the nucleus of oculomotor nerve at the rostral midbrain.
It is the final common pathway for different types of conjugate eye movements like saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibulocochlear reflex, and forms a communication between all the ocular motor nuclei. [2] A lesion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus can produce impaired horizontal conjugate eye movements.
The medial longitudinal arch plays a critical role in shock absorption and propulsion of the foot while walking.
The medial tract supplies the muscles of the head and neck whereas the lateral tract supplies the muscles located in other parts of the body. When the head of the person moves, signals are sent by these vestibular tracts to specific antigravity muscles.
The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is a large bundle of association fibers in the white matter of each cerebral hemisphere connecting the parietal, occipital and temporal lobes with ipsilateral frontal cortices (Schmahmann et al. 2008).
The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for the sense of hearing and balance (body position sense).
The inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) is a white matter tract that connects the occipital and the temporal lobes. ILF abnormalities have been associated with deficits in visual processing and language comprehension in dementia patients, thus suggesting that its integrity is important for semantic processing.
Where does medial longitudinal fasciculus end?
The medial longitudinal fasciculus ends in the cervical segments of the cord ( Crosby-1962 ). A prominent part of it is the medial vestibulospinal tract, which contains fibers primarily from the medial vestibular nucleus.
The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a myelinated composite fiber tract found in the brainstem. The MLF primarily serves to coordinate the conjugate movement of the eyes and associated head and neck movements.
The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is part of the longitudinal association fiber system, which lays connections between the frontal lobe and other areas of the ipsilateral hemisphere.
The underlying pathology is a unilateral lesion in the dorsal pontine tegmentum that affects the pontine lateral gaze center and the adjacent MLF. Multiple sclerosis is the usual cause. Other causes include brainstem glioma, infraction, or myasthenia gravis.
The MLF can be damaged by any lesion (e.g., demyelinating, ischemic, neoplastic, inflammatory) in the pons or midbrain. The MLF is supplied by branches of the basilar artery and ischemia in the vertebrobasilar system can produce an ischemic INO.
The classical explanation for conduction aphasia is that damage to the arcuate fasciculus impairs the transmission of information between the Wernicke area and the Broca area. This injury leads to impaired repetition.
The cuboid is the keystone of longitudinal arch.
The curvature of the arch is mainly maintained by the fibularis longus tendon, assisted by the tibialis posterior tendon, which both cross under the sole of the foot. The deep transverse ligaments, the transverse head of adductor longus and the fibularis longus tendon, also help to stabilize this arch.
English. The medial longitudinal fasciculus is one of a pair of crossed fiber tracts, on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated near the midline of the brainstem and are composed of both ascending and descending fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different areas.
The corticospinal tract controls primary motor activity for the somatic motor system from the neck to the feet. It is the major spinal pathway involved in voluntary movements.
What are the anatomy and functions of the lateral and medial corticospinal tracts?
The lateral corticospinal tract primarily controls the movement of muscles in the limbs, while the anterior corticospinal tract is involved with movement of the muscles of the trunk, neck, and shoulders.
The lateral vestibular tract starts in the lateral vestibular nucleus and descends the length of the spinal cord on the same side. This pathway helps us walk upright. The medial vestibular tract starts in the medial vestibular nucleus and extends bilaterally through mid-thoracic levels of the spinal cord in the MLF.
Introduction. The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is an extensive white-matter tract that mainly communicates between frontal and parietal lobes, and provides partial communication with the temporal lobe. It interconnects nearly all cortical areas of the lateral cerebral hemisphere.
The arcuate fasciculus is a bundle of axons that connects the temporal cortex and inferior parietal cortex to locations in the frontal lobe. One of the key roles of the arcuate fasciculus is connecting Broca's and Wernicke's areas, which are involved in producing and understanding language.
The dorsal longitudinal fasciculus contains ascending and descending fibers connecting the dorsal hypothalamus and posterior hypothalamus with the periaqueductal central gray of the mesencephalon.
The vestibulocochlear nerve or auditory vestibular nerve, also known as the eighth cranial nerve, cranial nerve VIII, or simply CN VIII, is a cranial nerve that transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain.
vestibulocochlear nerve, also called Auditory Nerve, Acoustic Nerve, or Eighth Cranial Nerve, nerve in the human ear, serving the organs of equilibrium and of hearing.
The vestibulocochlear nerve consists of the vestibular and cochlear nerves, also known as cranial nerve eight (CN VIII). Each nerve has distinct nuclei within the brainstem. The vestibular nerve is primarily responsible for maintaining body balance and eye movements, while the cochlear nerve is responsible for hearing.
Functions of the ILF
ILF supports brain functions concerning the visual modality, including object, face and place processing, reading, lexical and semantic processing, emotion processing, and visual memory.
Fasciculus longitudinalis posterior
As with all white matter tracts, the posterior longitudinal fasciculus consists of myelinated axons carrying information between neurons. The posterior longitudinal fasciculus, carries both ascending and descending fibers, and conveys visceral motor and sensory signals.
What is the functional anatomy of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus?
The inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) is a long-range, associative white matter pathway that connects the occipital and temporal-occipital areas of the brain to the anterior temporal areas.
A lesion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus produces slowed or absent adduction of the ipsilateral eye upon contralateral gaze. This is usually associated with involuntary jerky eye movements (nystagmus) of the abducting eye, a syndrome called internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
Fasciculus gracilis
It lies medially to fasciculus cuneatus within the posterior half of the posterior spinal cord.
The medial vestibulospinal tract is made up of axons that originate in the medial and inferior vestibular nuclei and descend bilaterally into the spinal cord as part of the medial longitudinal fasciculus.
The corpus callosum is a white matter tract that connects the cerebral hemispheres, facilitating interhemispheric connectivity.
The two hemispheres are connected by a thick band of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum.
The corpus callosum is the primary commissural region of the brain consisting of white matter tracts that connect the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
MAJOR LEAGUE FISHING WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP FORMAT
The field size for the MLF World Championship will consist of sixteen (16) qualifying MLF Anglers. 2. The competition will be comprised of four (4) rounds, covering six total days.
Aphasia is caused by damage to the language-dominant side of the brain, usually the left side, and may be brought on by: Stroke. Head injury.
Damage to the temporal lobe of the brain may result in Wernicke's aphasia (see figure), the most common type of fluent aphasia. People with Wernicke's aphasia may speak in long, complete sentences that have no meaning, adding unnecessary words and even creating made-up words.
Which artery is most commonly associated with aphasia?
The most common problems—aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, and hemi-neglect, and other cognitive losses—occur in the areas of the brain supplied by the middle cerebral artery.
Introduction. The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is an extensive white-matter tract that mainly communicates between frontal and parietal lobes, and provides partial communication with the temporal lobe. It interconnects nearly all cortical areas of the lateral cerebral hemisphere.
The fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll) is a bundle of axon fibres in the dorsomedial spinal cord that carries information about fine touch, vibrations, and conscious proprioception from the lower part of the body to the brain stem.
The MLF are a group of fiber tracts located in the paramedian area of the midbrain and pons. They control horizontal eye movements by interconnecting oculomotor and abducens nuclei in the brain stem.